UAE Labor Law — A Guide for Expats

The UAE private-sector workforce is governed by Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021 and its executive regulations. Free zones like DIFC and ADGM run their own employment regimes.

1. Employment Contracts

All private-sector contracts are now fixed-term (up to 3 years, renewable). Unlimited contracts have been phased out. Six work models are recognized: full-time, part-time, temporary, flexible, remote, and job-sharing.

2. Working Hours & Leave

• Standard hours: 8/day or 48/week (reduced during Ramadan).
• Annual leave: 30 calendar days after one year of service.
• Sick leave: up to 90 days/year (15 full pay, 30 half pay, 45 unpaid).
• Maternity leave: 60 days (45 full pay, 15 half pay).

3. End-of-Service Gratuity

For employees with at least one year of continuous service:

• 21 days' basic wage per year for the first 5 years.
• 30 days' basic wage per year thereafter.
• Cap: total gratuity not to exceed two years' wages.

4. Termination

Either party may terminate by giving 30–90 days' written notice. Arbitrary dismissal entitles the worker to up to 3 months' compensation in addition to gratuity. Termination during maternity, sick leave, or as retaliation for filing a complaint is prohibited.

5. Filing a Labor Complaint

1. File the complaint with MoHRE (call 600 590 000 or use the app).
2. MoHRE attempts amicable settlement within 14 days.
3. If unresolved, the case is referred to the Labor Court — court fees are waived for claims under AED 100,000.